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"Big Bang Age" is a strategic game made by Alice Soft. Players play in a different world where the landscape has been completely reshaped after an evil giant hole opened up and swallowed the previous lands. Since the land has been divided into two wa...

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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is one of the most powerful tools available to modern organic chemists. With NMR data, determining the structure of small molecules becomes a relatively quick (if not entirely painless) process. One of the concepts yo...

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An atomic orbital is a mathematical function that describes the probability of an electron being in any specific area around the nucleus. There are four basic types of orbitals -- S, P, D and F -- that describe the different locations for separate el...

The human eye has evolved to take the information from light wavelengths and make use of it. One of the visual signals taken in by the eye is color. Color is the most visually distinctive part of an object. Color does not exist in objects themselves,...

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Strontium is a silvery metallic element with 38 protons in its nucleus. It's found in column 2 of the periodic table, directly beneath calcium and above barium. Scientists have identified no fewer than 16 major radioactive isotopes, although in natur...

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Valence bond (VB) theory is a useful way to explain many properties of molecules. One of the most important concepts in VB theory is orbital hybridization, which is used to explain molecular geometry in organic chemistry. Mathematically, VB theory is...

As electrons are in constant motion around the nucleus of an atom, it is nearly impossible to pinpoint exactly where the electrons located in molecular bonding. However, electrons don't just circle around the nucleus but rather roam in specific areas...

The chemical bonding between molecules and atoms during chemical reactions takes place when the orbitals of different molecules or atoms overlap. The electrons on these overlapped orbitals are shared between the atoms or molecules to fill their incom...

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An indicator, also called a pH indicator, is a halochromic chemical compound that detects hydronium ions (H3O+) or hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution thus indicating whether the solution is acidic or basic. According to ChemiCool, halochromism is the c...

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Electrons are negatively charged particles in an atom. They orbit the positively charged nucleus along a distinct orbital, called an electron shell, within the atom. An electron is a very small particle, measuring 9.1066x10-28 grams. Because the ele...

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Polyurethane is an extremely versatile material that is effective in a wide variety of applications. Polyurethane is unique because of its high elasticity but also its high resistance to damage and spills. Polyurethane can be formed into a number of...

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Electrons are the negatively charged particles of the atom. Electrons circle the nucleus, which contains the protons and neutrons, at various distances called shells. Each element has a certain number of electrons and shells. Under certain circumstan...

Rutherford's experiment, also known as the gold foil experiment or the Geiger-Marsden experiment, involved firing positively charged alpha particles, which are basically helium nuclei, at a very thin sheet of gold foil surrounded by a detector. The e...

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